Ransomware

Ransomware encrypts the files on your device or network and makes them unusable. The attackers then demand a ransom — usually in cryptocurrency — for the decryption key; paying is no guarantee you'll get your data back and funds further attacks. It often spreads through phishing ✕ Phishing is fraudulent messages that impersonate a trusted sender (like a bank or courier) to trick you into handing over passwords or login details. More in the glossary → emails or security holes. The most effective protection is a recent backup ✕ A backup is a copy of your data kept in a separate place, letting you restore everything after data loss, hardware failure, or a ransomware attack. More in the glossary → kept separate from your system: if your data is stored elsewhere, you simply restore it instead of paying. A good security program and timely updates help too. More in the best antivirus comparison.